Smith Island is an island located in the eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington, about mid-way between Admiralty Inlet and Lopez Island. It is connected to the smaller Miner Island, to its east, by a low spit that is covered at high tide. The estuary has been dramatically altered from its historic condition. The first non-tribal settlers arrived to the region in the 1850s. The estuary was settled and logged in the mid to late 1800s and early 1900s. Diking began in the 1860s and currently there are over 44 miles of dikes confining the mainstem and distributary sloughs. 17,000 to 23,000 pieces of LWD were removed from the channel by the ACOE between the 1880s and 1960s. Currently only 15% of the historic area of tidal marsh remains connected and accessible to salmonids.