DESCRIPTION
To help restore salmon habitat and aid in salmon recovery in WRIA 1, this project will construct 12 new ELJs in the mainstem South Fork Nooksack River (Figure 5), which will provide a pool/mile frequency of 14 (recovery target is 18). Endangered early spring Chinook salmon and bull trout will benefit from four expected primary pools. These ELJ-formed scour pools will provide holding habitat with cover for migrating adults, which will greatly help adults find refuge when temperatures in the South Fork are elevated during summer spawning months. Temperatures in the reach have already reached daily maximums of 23 degrees C in the last week of June 2015. They will likely also provide habitat and refuge for overwintering juveniles (rearing pools). Pools will also increase habitat and bedform complexity and diversity in the reach by creating hydraulic complexity and flow velocity refugia.
The Lummi Nation stategically constructed eight new engineered logjams (ELJs) in the main stem South Fork Nooksack River (RM 14.9 to 15.5) and seven ELJs in the right bank side channel adjacent to Edfro Island near cool water inputs for a total of 15 ELJs to increase floodplain activation and key habitat units, provide thermal and velocity refugia, increase natural deposition and storage of bedload sediments for spawning, encourage lateral channel migration and lengthening, as well as, improve edge habitat in this important stretch of the Skookum-Edfro Reach. The project consisted of different types of log jam configurations, some of which include excavation of sediment for pool creation in the construction. Endangered early spring Chinook salmon and bull trout are benefiting from 15 ELJ-formed scour pools. Over time, we expect seven primary pools to develop. These ELJ-formed scour pools are providing holding habitat with cover for migrating adults. They also provide habitat and refuge for overwintering juveniles (rearing pools). One scour pool located just downstream of Edfro Creek will provide thermal refuge when temperatures in the South Fork are elevated during summer spawning months. Pools have also increased habitat and bedform complexity and diversity in the reach by creating hydraulic complexity and flow velocity refugia. Added roughness from ELJs has increased water surface levels to convey more flow into the side channel, increasing channel length, available spawning habitat, and flow velocity refugia.